After a century of eclipse, human excrement has been receiving new attention in Europe in recent decades.Indeed, their return to the soil is being considered again as a resource for agriculture.Today, a debate surrounds these practices of urine and feces valorization.This article proposes an analysis of the ongoing discussions based on an ethnograp
BackgroundWomen are underrepresented at higher levels of promotion or leadership despite the increasing number of women physicians.In surgery, this has been compounded by historical underrepresentation.With a nation-wide focus on the importance of diversity, our aim was to provide a current snapshot of gender representation in Canadian universities
Despite their simplicity, quantum harmonic Snoring oscillators are ubiquitous in the modeling of physical systems.They are able to capture universal properties that serve as references for the more complex systems found in nature.In this spirit, we apply a model of a Hamiltonian for open quantum systems in equilibrium with a particle reservoir to e
The central dogma of molecular biology Cactus explains how genetic information is converted into its end product, proteins, which are responsible for the phenotypic state of the cell.Along with the protein type, the phenotypic state depends on the protein copy number.Therefore, quantification of the protein expression in a single cell is critical f
The random access (RA) mechanism of Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks is prone to congestion when a large number of devices attempt RA simultaneously, due to the limited set of preambles.If each RA attempt is made by means of transmission of multiple consecutive preambles (codewords) picked from a subset of preambles, as proposed, collision probab